Basic CS [TCS Placement]: Sample Questions 177 - 178 of 196

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Question 177

Describe in Detail Essay▾

What is pipelining?

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Explanation

  • In networking a task begun before the previous task has ended is known as pipelining.
  • Pipelining in a processor allows storing and executing many instructions in an orderly way. Here multiple instructions are overlapped during execution.
  • Pipeline is divided into stages connected with one another. Like a pipe instructions enter from one end and exit from another end. Each “stage” of pipeline consists of an input register followed by a combinational circuit. The register holds data and combinational circuit performs operations on it. The output of combinational circuit is applied to the input register of the next segment.
  • Pipeline system like the modern day assembly line setup in factories increases the overall instruction throughput.
Given the Image is Define the Machine Cycle with Pipelining

Question 178

Describe in Detail Essay▾

What is framing?

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Explanation

  • Framing in data link layer separates a message from one source to a destination, or from other messages to other destinations, by adding a sender address and a destination address.
  • The destination address defines where the packet has to go and the sender address helps recipient acknowledge the receipt.
  • The efficiency of any error detection scheme decreases as the length of the data increases. Thus, small frames increase the reliability.
  • Types:-
    • Fixed Size Framing: Here boundaries to the frame are not provided as length of the frame is known.
    • Variable Size Framing: Requires end of frame marker. For this character oriented and bit oriented approach is used.
      • Character oriented

        ASCII characters are sent- byte stuffing is required

      • Bit oriented

        Bits are sent in this- bit stuffing is required

Given the Image is Define the Framing